Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration. Adequate levels of GH are especially important during childhood and adolescence for normal growth and development. Low growth hormone means your body is not producing enough of this essential hormone.
Some key signs and symptoms of growth hormone deficiency include:
What causes low growth hormone?
Growth hormone deficiency can be caused by diseases or damage to the pituitary gland. Some potential causes include:
GH levels normally decline with age, but some adults are deficient enough to warrant treatment. Adults with very low GH may require hormone replacement to correct the deficiency.
How is low growth hormone diagnosed?
Doctors will start with a medical history, physical exam, and blood tests to measure IGF-1 levels. IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) is produced in response to GH, so low levels indicate inadequate hormone stimulation. If IGF-1 is low, the doctor may order a GH stimulation test. This measures GH response to certain drugs that normally increase its release. Poor response indicates GH deficiency.
Sometimes an MRI of the pituitary is done to look for tumors or structural abnormalities affecting GH cells. A comprehensive hormone panel also helps rule out deficiencies of other pituitary hormones.
What is the treatment for growth hormone deficiency?
Treatment involves replacing the missing hormone. Synthetic human growth hormone can restore normal levels when injected subcutaneously. Getting a prescription requires meeting strict diagnostic criteria, including confirmed low IGF-1, short stature, and poor growth velocity in children.
In kids, GH injections help achieve normal height and pubertal development. Treatment in adolescents and adults aims to improve body composition, bone strength, energy, and quality of life. The benefits are dose-dependent so must be carefully monitored by an endocrinologist. Side effects are uncommon but may include joint pain, fluid retention, and increased insulin resistance.
If you suspect low GH based on symptoms, see your doctor and ask about testing your IGF-1 and GH levels. Adult hormone deficiencies often go undiagnosed. Treatment can help you feel healthy and energized again! The endocrine specialists at Renew Hormone Solutions offer individualized care plans to help patients optimize their hormone balance and wellbeing.